среда, 18 сентября 2024 г.

Seminar # 1. Defining electronic literary text, structural issues

 There are a lot of definitions of electronic literature. Let’s try to invent your own one. 

What, according to all theory patterns represented in this lesson, is the electronic literature?

What are the main components of the electronic literary text? What are the main types of electronic literary text?

 

11 комментариев:

  1. What is Electronic Literature?

    Electronic literature (often abbreviated as e-lit) refers to works of literature that are born-digital, meaning they are designed and created to exist in a digital environment rather than being transferred from print. These works use digital media to offer unique ways of storytelling, interaction, and meaning-making, incorporating features like hypertext, multimedia elements (audio, video, animation), and interactivity.

    In simple terms, electronic literature:
    Cannot be fully experienced in a printed format.
    Often requires a computer, tablet, or other digital devices to read and interact with.
    Explores new ways of storytelling by utilizing the capabilities of digital technology.

    Main Components of an Electronic Literary Text:

    1. Interactivity: Many electronic texts allow readers to interact with the narrative, either through making choices or influencing the structure of the story.

    2. Multimedia Elements: E-lit may include text combined with images, video, sound, and animations, which enhance the story in ways traditional text cannot.

    3. Hypertextuality: The use of hyperlinks within the text allows for a non-linear reading experience, where readers can choose different paths or explore the story at their own pace.

    4. Dynamic Text: Text in e-lit can change in real-time, respond to user input, or evolve over time, unlike static printed text.

    5. Algorithmic or Procedural Writing: Some e-lit works involve text generated by algorithms or artificial intelligence, where no two readings are the same.

    Main Types of Electronic Literary Text:

    1. Hypertext Fiction: A non-linear narrative where the reader can click on hyperlinks to navigate through different parts of the story. This allows for multiple possible readings.

    2. Interactive Fiction: Often seen in digital games, where readers/players make decisions that impact the direction and outcome of the story.

    3. Digital Poetry: Poems created for digital platforms that often incorporate visual, auditory, or interactive elements.

    4. Generative Texts: These texts are created by algorithms or programs that can generate different outcomes each time they are read, depending on certain variables.

    5. Netprov (Networked Improvisation): A form of collaborative, real-time storytelling conducted over social media or digital networks.

    6. Locative Narrative: Stories tied to a specific physical location, often experienced through a mobile device’s GPS functionality.

    7. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) Literature: Texts that integrate AR/VR to provide immersive storytelling experiences where readers can interact with the story world in 3D environments.

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  2. Electronic literature, according to the theoretical models reviewed, is a form of literary practice that is essentially digital and dependent on computer-based media. Unlike traditional print literature, electronic literature (e-lit) is “born digital,” meaning that it is created for a computer or digital device and can only be fully comprehended through it. E-literature includes innovative forms of storytelling and poetry that explore specific capabilities of digital technologies such as interactivity, multimedia integration, and algorithmic processes.
    What distinguishes e-literature is its reliance on digital environments where text is dynamic and often requires reader interaction that shapes or changes the work in real time. Readers of e-lit become co-authors through their engagement, navigating non-linear narratives, interacting with visual and auditory elements, and influencing the development of the text through their choices. The code underlying e-lit is central to its form and meaning, providing variation, multimedia presentation, and user-driven features.
    E-lit also draws on and responds to historical literary and artistic traditions, but is largely defined by the technological platforms and software that make this possible. It includes genres such as hypertext fiction, kinetic poetry, interactive fiction, and networked narratives, each of which offers new forms of engagement with text, media, and interactivity. Ultimately, electronic literature is an experimental and evolving field that reflects and extends the boundaries of digital storytelling.
    The main components of an electronic fiction text include a combination of code, media and interaction, which distinguishes it from traditional literature. At its core, it is programmed writing or code that determines how the work functions, responds, and interacts with readers. Multimedia elements such as text, images, sounds, animation and video are often combined, contributing to the overall meaning and perception of the work. Interactivity is crucial as readers engage with the work in a way that affects the outcome, creating a dynamic and evolving text. This variability allows for multiple versions or directions of the narrative, making each reading unique. In addition, the platform or software used to create and display the work often shapes its form, making the perception of the text dependent on the digital medium.
    The types of electronic literary texts are varied and span different genres. Hypertextual fiction allows readers to navigate non-linear stories through linked nodes, while kinetic poetry uses animation to present words and ideas in motion. Interactive fiction invites the reader to make choices that affect the narrative, often resembling a game. Combinatorial poetics relies on algorithmic processes to generate new word combinations, creating an ever-changing experience. Networked fiction involves collective storytelling in an online environment, while locative narratives use real-world locations and mobile devices to influence the course of a story. Other forms include chatbot-based texts, in which interactive characters engage in dialog with readers, and literary installations, which combine digital elements in physical spaces, blending art and text for a more immersive experience. These genres reflect the experimental nature of electronic literature, where interaction and multimedia take center stage.

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  4. Electronic literature refers to works with important literary aspects that take advantage of the capabilities and contexts provided by the stand-alone or networked computer. Within the broad category of electronic literature are several forms and threads of practice” (Electronic Literature Organization 1999)
    To my mind, electronic literature is a form of digital storytelling that combines text, sound, and visuals, allowing for interactive and non-linear narratives that reflect contemporary culture and engage readers as active participants in the creation of meaning.

    The main components are:
    Data - text, images, sound files, specifications of story grammars, declarative information about fictional world, tables of statistic about word frequencies, instructions to the readers, including those that specify process to e carried out by the reader
    Process - action that is carried out by the digital literature piece.
    Interaction - change to the state of the digital work, for which the digital work was designed, that comes from outside the digital work
    Surface - audience experience: the output of the process operating on the data, in the context of the physical hardware and setting, though any audience interaction takes place
    Context - intra-audience and relationships in MMO fiction.
    The main types of electronic literary text are:
    • Hypertext fiction and poetry, on and off the Web;
    • Kinetic poetry presented in Flash and using other platforms;
    • Computer art installations, which ask viewers to read them or otherwise have literary aspects;
    • Conversational characters, also known as chatterbots;
    • Interactive fiction;
    • Literary apps;
    • Novels that take the form of emails, sms messages, or blogs;
    • Poems and stories that are generated by computer, either interactively or based on parameters at the beginning;
    • Collaborative writing projects that allow readers to contribute the text of a work;
    • Literary performances online that develop new ways of writing.

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  5. What, according to all theory patterns represented in this lesson, is the electronic literature?
    Electronic literature is literary works created specifically for digital platforms and requiring digital computing for their reception. It combines literary arts such as fiction, poetry and drama with multimedia elements and often relies on interactive and generative technologies. Unlike traditional literature, it uses the power of computers, mobile devices and other digital technologies to deliver dynamic, non-linear and engaging narratives.
    What are the main components of the electronic literary text?
    The key aspects of Electronic Literature include interactivity, multimedia, networked communication, and generative or algorithmic systems, allowing for dynamic user experiences and diverse digital expression.
    Interactivity: readers actively interact with the text, influencing the flow of the narrative or exploring different paths.
    Multimedia: incorporates elements such as images, video, sound and hypertext to enrich the narrative experience.
    Networked Communication: using the internet to connect texts, create communities, or connect with other works.
    Generative and algorithmic systems: use algorithms to create dynamic content that evolves to provide unique experiences.
    What are the main types of electronic literary text?
    Types of electronic literature: Hypertext Fiction, Interactive Fiction, Total Chance Literature, Digital Poetry, and Hybrid Genre Electronic Literature. Electronic Literature Organisation: Promotes, supports, and preserves electronic literature, and fosters research and education in the field.
    1. Hypertext fiction:
    - a type of literature where the text is broken into sections, and the reader chooses the path by clicking on hyperlinks.
    Key features:
    - non-linear storytelling where readers have control over the narrative path. - often explores themes of choice, randomness, and multiple outcomes.
    2. Interactive fiction:
    - a text-based story where the reader interacts with the narrative, often by typing commands to influence the story’s outcome.
    Key features:
    - combines elements of literature and gameplay.
    - readers can explore different scenarios based on their decisions.
    3. Total chance literature:
    -literature that uses randomness or algorithms to generate text, creating a unique experience each time it's read.
    Key features:
    - often involves elements of surprise and unpredictability.
    - texts can change with each reading due to random or programmed variations.
    4. Digital poetry:
    - poetry that uses digital platforms to combine text with sound, images, animations, or interactive elements.
    Key features:
    - engages multiple senses through multimedia elements.
    - poems can be read, watched, or interacted with, enhancing the traditional reading experience.
    5. Hybrid genre electronic literature:
    - works that blend elements from different genres like fiction, poetry, games, and visual art.
    Key features:
    - breaks the boundaries of traditional genres to create innovative narratives. - often includes multimedia and interactive components.

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  6. What, according to all theory patterns represented in this lesson, is the electronic literature?
    Electronic Literature refers to literary works composed and devised for digital platforms, and typically involves the use of interactive and multimedia elements. It has evolved as a distinct form of artistic and literary expression in the digital age. Digital literature is created with and for the digital medium and could not be printed.
    What are the main components of the electronic literary text? What are the main types of electronic literary text?
    Components:
    1. Interactivity: Users/readers can manipulate or participate in the narrative, making it a dynamic experience.
    2. Multimedia: Digital literature often employs a range of multimedia elements such as images, videos, sound, and hypertext.
    3. Networked Communication: Electronic literature pieces often utilize the internet and digital technologies to create communities or connect with other works.
    4. Generative and Algorithmic Systems: Authors may use algorithms or software programs to develop dynamic and constantly changing texts.
    Types (N. Katherine Hayles):
    1. Generative Art
    2. Hypertext Fiction
    3. Locative Narratives
    4. Interactive Fiction
    5. CAVE
    6. Interacive drama

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  7. Electronic Literature is a genre of creative writing that utilizes digital technology as both a medium and a means of expression, allowing for innovative narrative structures, interactivity, and multimedia integration. It encompasses works that are born-digital, designed to be read on electronic devices, and often challenges traditional literary conventions by inviting active participation from the reader.

    Main Components of Electronic Literary Text
    Digital Medium: Electronic literature is created and experienced through digital platforms, such as websites, e-readers, and software applications. This digital nature allows for unique functionalities that are not possible in print.

    Interactivity: Many electronic literary works involve reader interaction, allowing users to make choices that influence the narrative, explore non-linear pathways, or engage with the text in a dynamic way.

    Multimedia Elements: Electronic literature often incorporates various media forms—such as text, images, audio, and video—creating a rich, immersive experience that enhances the storytelling.

    Hypertextuality: The use of hyperlinks allows for non-linear navigation within the text, enabling readers to explore interconnected ideas and narratives in a way that traditional literature does not permit.

    Generativity: Some electronic literary works are algorithmically generated or involve computer code as a central element, leading to unique variations in the text each time it is accessed.

    Ephemerality: Many electronic literary texts may exist in a transient state, influenced by software updates, platform changes, or the evolving nature of technology, which can affect accessibility and preservation.

    Main Types of Electronic Literary Text
    Digital Poetry: Poetry that utilizes digital tools and platforms, often incorporating visual elements, sound, and interactivity to create a more immersive poetic experience.

    Interactive Fiction: Narrative-driven works where readers make choices that affect the outcome of the story, often presented in a game-like format.

    Hypertext Fiction: Stories composed of interconnected passages of text, allowing readers to navigate through the narrative in a non-linear fashion.

    Visual Poetry: Text arranged in a visually artistic manner, emphasizing the visual aspect of language and often blending poetry with graphic design.

    Multimedia Narratives: Works that combine text with audio, video, and images, creating a layered storytelling experience that engages multiple senses.

    Code Art: Artworks that are generated or manipulated through programming, where the code itself is part of the artistic expression, often resulting in dynamic and evolving texts.

    Social Media Literature: Literature created and disseminated through social media platforms, often leveraging the unique characteristics of these platforms (e.g., brevity, immediacy) to craft narratives.

    Mobile Literature: Works specifically designed for mobile devices, utilizing touch, location, and other mobile features to create interactive and context-aware narratives.

    https://xmind.ai/share/wzHB38TC?xid=jzrwVDXW

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  8. Summarizing:

    What, according to all theory patterns represented in this lesson, is the electronic literature?

    Electronic Literature is a mixture of technology and texts, and they cannot be taken separately. It consists of works which are presented in the interactive way, with the help of multimedia tools, with reader participation and engagement.

    What are the main components of the electronic literary text?

    - Context: intra-audience and relationships in MMO fiction.
    - Data: text, images, sound files, specifications of story grammars, declarative information about fictional world, tables of statistic about word frequencies, etc.
    - Process: action that is carried out by the digital literature piece.
    - Surface: audience experience.
    - Interaction: change to the state of the digital work, for which the digital work was designed, that comes from outside the digital work.

    What are the main types of electronic literary text?

    - Interactive Drama (performed with live audiences in gallery spaces in combination with present and/or remote actors)
    - Interactive fiction (has stronger game elements)
    - Locative narratives (CAVE virtual reality projection room or gallery site)
    - Hypertext fiction (uses hyperlinks to allow readers to navigate a nonlinear story, choosing different paths through the narrative)
    - Generative Art (whereby an algorithm is used either to generate texts according to a randomized scheme or to scramble and rearrange pre-existing texts, is currently one of the most innovative and robust categories of electronic literature)
    - Kinetic Poetry (combines text with multimedia elements)

    By Savina Anastasia POm-31

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